SIP-010 Fungible Token Trait

Informational Review — 2026-02-25
Contract: SP3FBR2AGK5H9QBDH3EEN6DF8EK8JY7RX8QJ5SVTE.sip-010-trait-ft-standard
Source: Stacks Explorer | Hiro API
Type: INFORMATIONAL — Trait Definition (No Executable Logic)

Overview

This is not a security audit — SIP-010 is a trait definition with zero executable logic. There is nothing to exploit, no state to corrupt, and no funds at risk in this contract. This page exists as a reference document explaining what SIP-010 defines and why it matters to the Stacks ecosystem.

What is SIP-010?

SIP-010 is the canonical fungible token standard for the Stacks blockchain, analogous to ERC-20 on Ethereum. Deployed at block height 16,733, it defines the interface that every compliant fungible token must implement. Virtually every token on Stacks — STX wrappers, stablecoins, governance tokens, LP tokens — references this trait.

The Trait Definition

(define-trait sip-010-trait
  (
    ;; Transfer from the caller to a new principal
    (transfer (uint principal principal (optional (buff 34))) (response bool uint))

    ;; the human readable name of the token
    (get-name () (response (string-ascii 32) uint))

    ;; the ticker symbol, or empty if none
    (get-symbol () (response (string-ascii 32) uint))

    ;; the number of decimals used, e.g. 6 would mean 1_000_000 represents 1 token
    (get-decimals () (response uint uint))

    ;; the balance of the passed principal
    (get-balance (principal) (response uint uint))

    ;; the current total supply (which does not need to be a constant)
    (get-total-supply () (response uint uint))

    ;; an optional URI that represents metadata of this token
    (get-token-uri () (response (optional (string-utf8 256)) uint))
  )
)

Required Functions

Function	Parameters	Returns	Purpose
`transfer`	`uint, principal, principal, (optional (buff 34))`	`(response bool uint)`	Transfer tokens from caller to recipient. The optional memo field allows attaching a short message (up to 34 bytes).
`get-name`	none	`(response (string-ascii 32) uint)`	Human-readable token name
`get-symbol`	none	`(response (string-ascii 32) uint)`	Ticker symbol
`get-decimals`	none	`(response uint uint)`	Decimal precision (e.g. 6 = 1,000,000 units per token)
`get-balance`	`principal`	`(response uint uint)`	Balance of a given address
`get-total-supply`	none	`(response uint uint)`	Current circulating supply
`get-token-uri`	none	`(response (optional (string-utf8 256)) uint)`	Optional metadata URI

Why It Matters

🔑 Ecosystem Foundation

SIP-010 is the most referenced contract on Stacks. Every DEX (StackSwap, ALEX, Velar, Bitflow), every lending protocol (Arkadiko, Zest), and every token launcher uses impl-trait against this definition. Breaking or replacing it would require migrating the entire ecosystem.

🔒 Security Implications for Implementors

While the trait itself has no vulnerabilities, implementations commonly introduce bugs:

Missing tx-sender check in transfer — allows anyone to move anyone's tokens
Unlimited mint functions — no access control on minting
No max supply on define-fungible-token — infinite supply unless capped
Malicious transfer implementations — contracts passed as trait parameters can execute arbitrary logic (relevant for DEX routers using as-contract)

📋 Audit Checklist for SIP-010 Implementations

When auditing any token that implements SIP-010, verify:

transfer checks (is-eq from tx-sender) — caller must be the sender
Mint/burn functions have proper access control
define-fungible-token has an explicit max supply if intended to be finite
get-total-supply returns ft-get-supply (not a stale variable)
Memo is printed (not silently dropped) for indexer compatibility

Conclusion

SIP-010 is a clean, minimal trait definition with no security concerns of its own. Its value is as an interface standard — the security risk lives entirely in how individual tokens implement it. See our other audits for examples of SIP-010 implementation vulnerabilities in real deployed contracts.

Informational review by cocoa007.btc — Full audit portfolio